T-90M Proryv Main Battle Tank

Full Specifications

The T-90M, also known as Proryv (“Breakthrough”), is Russia’s most advanced operational main battle tank and a deep modernization of the T-90 series. Developed to meet modern high-intensity conflict requirements, it combines a compact design, enhanced firepower, improved protection, and upgraded electronics. First publicly shown around 2017–2018 and entering serial production for the Russian Armed Forces in the late 2010s, the T-90M features a redesigned welded turret, the Kalina fire-control system, third-generation Relikt explosive reactive armor, and a more powerful diesel engine. It retains the classic three-man crew layout enabled by an autoloader. The tank has seen extensive combat use in Ukraine since 2022, where open-source tracking has documented both its improved survivability relative to earlier T-72/T-90 variants and significant losses to anti-tank guided missiles, artillery, and drones. Its lower weight compared with Western counterparts aids strategic mobility and operations on softer ground.

Manufacturer

The T-90M Proryv Main Battle Tank is designed by the Ural Design Bureau of Transport Engineering (UKBTM) and produced by Uralvagonzavod (UVZ) in Nizhny Tagil, Russia. UVZ remains the primary manufacturer, with production rates reported to have increased substantially in recent years to support Russian forces.

Speed and Range

Powered by the V-92S2F 12-cylinder multifuel diesel engine delivering 1,130 horsepower, the roughly 48-ton T-90M achieves a maximum road speed of approximately 60–70 km/h and off-road speeds around 45–50 km/h. Operational range is about 550 km on internal fuel, extendable with external drums. Power-to-weight ratio is approximately 23–23.5 hp/ton. Suspension is torsion-bar type.

Cost/Price

Open-source Russian reports place the serial production unit cost of the T-90M Proryv Main Battle Tank at roughly 350 million rubles (approximately $3.5–4.5 million USD depending on exchange rates and accounting methods). Export-oriented related variants have been quoted in a similar range. Exact figures remain approximate due to wartime economics and limited transparency.