

| Name / Designation | B53 (Mk/B-53) |
| Type | Nuclear Gravity Bomb |
| Manufacturer | Atomic Energy Commission / LANL |
| Country of Origin | United States |
| Year Introduced | 1962 |
| Operational Status | Retired / Dismantled (final unit dismantled 2011) |
| Weight | ~8,850 lb (≈ 4,010 kg) |
| Length | ≈ 12 ft 6 in (150 in / ~3.8 m) |
| Diameter | ~50 in (≈ 1.27 m) |
| Casing Type | Lightweight casing with aluminum honeycomb nose (shock absorber for laydown delivery) + parachute rigging |
| Yield | ~9 megatons TNT (dirty Y1 variant) |
| Guidance | None — gravity bomb / free‑fall / laydown delivery |
| Accuracy (CEP) | Not publicly specified; precision low compared to modern weapons (gravity bomb) |
| Delivery Platforms | B‑52, B‑47, B‑58 bombers |
| Penetration Capability | Designed to destroy hardened underground facilities; laydown delivery shock‑absorbing nose allowed ground impact before detonation |
| Warhead Type | Thermonuclear (fission-fusion two-stage) |
| Fuzing Options | Airburst, contact burst, delayed laydown detonation with parachute‑retarded delivery |
| Explosive Composition | Primary fission using oralloy (highly enriched uranium); fusion stage fuel: lithium‑6 deuteride; high explosives for implosion: RDX/TNT (Cyclotol / Composition B) |
| Primary Mission | Destroy hardened underground bunkers, command centers and deeply buried targets |
| Operators | U.S. Air Force (Strategic Air Command) |
| Notable Deployments / History | Produced 1962‑1965 (~340 units), served throughout Cold War; retirement in 1997; final dismantling 25 October 2011. |
| Variants | B53-Y1 (“dirty” high yield version), B53-Y2 (“clean” version with non-fissile secondary casing) |
The B53 Nuclear Bomb stands as one of the most formidable weapons developed during the Cold War era — built to turn hardened underground Soviet installations into dust through sheer explosive force. Manufactured by the Atomic Energy Commission and designed at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), the B53 emerged in the early 1960s as a strategic deterrent and heavy‑duty “bunker buster.”
Developed between 1958 and 1961, the B53 entered production in 1962 and was deployed across U.S. strategic bomber fleets during the Cold War. The bomb’s purpose was straightforward yet terrifying: to deliver a multi‑megaton thermonuclear blast capable of collapsing deeply buried command bunkers, hardened facilities, and subterranean strategic assets.
With a gargantuan explosive yield of approximately 9 megatons, B53 was among the most powerful weapons ever in the U.S. arsenal. Weighing about 8,850 lb (≈4,010 kg) and measuring roughly 12 ft 4 in long, with a diameter of 50 inches, the bomb was built to be carried internally by large bombers such as the B-52 Stratofortress, B-47 Stratojet and Convair B-58 Hustler.
The B53 utilized a two‑stage radiation implosion design: its primary used highly enriched uranium (oralloy), while the secondary relied on lithium‑6 deuteride fusion fuel — demonstrating advanced thermonuclear technology for its time. Delivery modes supported free-fall airburst, contact burst, and a “laydown” option — using a parachute system to soften the impact before detonation, optimizing damage against hardened underground targets.
Although the B53 was officially retired in 1997, and the final units dismantled by 2011, its legacy continues as a stark symbol of Cold War-era strategic deterrence and the raw destructive potential of megaton-class nuclear weapons.
As a decommissioned and dismantled nuclear weapon, the B53 is not available for sale. Therefore, no pricing exists for civilian or military procurement.
No — while the B53 was retired in 1997, the final operational unit was dismantled on October 25, 2011, ending its service life.
The B53 had a maximum yield of approximately 9 megatons of TNT, making it one of the most powerful bombs ever built by the United States.
The bomb was designed for internal carriage by strategic bombers such as B‑52 Stratofortress, B‑47 Stratojet, and B‑58 Hustler.
The B53 supported multiple delivery modes: free-fall airburst, contact burst, and lay‑down delivery using parachutes to slow descent before ground impact, allowing detonation of buried or hardened targets.
Advances in nuclear weapon design — including improved safety, more accurate and lower-yield weapons, and changing strategic doctrine — made large multi-megaton bombs like the B53 obsolete. The decision to dismantle the last B53 in 2011 marked the end of the era of U.S. megaton-class gravity bombs.
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