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AN/SPY-3 Radar

AN/SPY-3 Radar

Manufacturer: Raytheon Technologies
Category: Radar Systems
  • Detection Range 200+ km (approx.)
  • Frequency Band X-band
  • Antenna Type / Technology AESA, electronically scanned
  • Target Tracking Capacity Multi-hundred simultaneous tracks

Full Specifications

1. General Information

Name / Designation AN/SPY-3
Manufacturer Raytheon
Country of Origin United States
Type / Role Multifunction shipborne AESA radar
Operational Domain Naval / maritime
Status In service

2. Technical Specifications

Frequency Band X-band
Antenna Type AESA, planar array
Antenna Aperture / Size Approx. 2.4–2.8 m array
Power Output Approx. 6–10 MW (peak)
Detection Range 200+ km (approx.)
Tracking Range 150+ km (approx.)
Target Tracking Capacity Multi-hundreds
Elevation Coverage 0–70° (approx.)
Azimuth Coverage 360° (3 panels)
Beam Steering Electronic, rapid
Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) Classified
Resolution High, X-band
Update Rate Continuous electronic
Clutter Rejection / ECCM Advanced adaptive ECCM

3. Functional Capabilities

Primary Functions Air/surface tracking, missile guidance, navigation
Target Types Aircraft, missiles, UAVs, surface vessels
Integration / Networking DBR, CEC, Aegis interfaces
IFF Capability Yes
Data Link / Networking Link-16 compatible
Weather & Terrain Resistance High maritime resilience
Mobility / Mounting Fixed shipborne installation

4. Physical & Operational Characteristics

Dimensions Multi-panel fixed arrays
Weight Several tons per array
Power Requirement High shipboard power systems
Cooling System Liquid cooling
Operating Temperature Range Naval standard
Deployment Platform Zumwalt-class, Ford-class
Crew Requirement Minimal (automated)

5. Software & Processing

Signal Processor Type Digital multi-core architecture
Processing Speed High-throughput real-time
AI / Automation Features Automated target prioritization
Data Output / Interface Naval combat system networks
Software Upgradeability Yes, modular updates

6. Operational History

Year Introduced Mid-2000s
Users / Operators U.S. Navy
Notable Deployments Zumwalt-class destroyers
Successor / Predecessor Successor to legacy X-band fire-control radars

7. Export / Compliance Data

Export Availability Not available for export
ITAR / MTCR Status Fully ITAR controlled
Cost Estimate Not publicly released

Our Rating

The overall rating is based on review by our experts

9.5
  • Range & Endurance 9 / 10
  • Stealth Capability 9 / 10
  • Technology 10 / 10
  • Maintenance Efficiency 10 / 10

PROS

  1. High-resolution X-band targeting
  2. AESA with electronic beam steering
  3. Strong ECCM performance
  4. Multi-mission maritime capability
  5. Network-centric integration with U.S. Navy systems

CONS

  1. High procurement and integration cost
  2. Limited availability outside U.S. platforms
  3. Requires significant shipboard power
  4. X-band focus reduces wide-area surveillance
  5. Not available for export

AN/SPY-3 X-Band Multi-Function Radar

The AN/SPY-3 is an advanced X-band Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) multifunction radar developed for the U.S. Navy’s next-generation surface combatants. Designed by Raytheon, the system plays a pivotal role in enhancing naval situational awareness, precision targeting, and missile-fire control across the fleet. Initially created for the Zumwalt-class destroyers and Ford-class carriers, the radar delivers unmatched responsiveness in tracking fast, low-altitude, and sea-skimming threats.

High-Precision Target Tracking & Engagement

Engineered for complex maritime environments, the SPY-3 uses electronically steered beams to detect and track air and surface contacts with remarkable accuracy. It excels in missions requiring rapid target acquisition, including supporting Standard Missile (SM-series) engagements and providing fire-control-quality data for naval air-defense systems. Its X-band frequency enables fine-resolution imaging, essential for distinguishing small or stealthy targets.

Advanced Processing & ECCM

The radar features automated resource management, adaptive beamforming, and powerful electronic counter-countermeasures (ECCM), enabling reliable operation against jamming, clutter, and adverse weather. Its digital architecture supports continuous software upgrades, ensuring long-term performance in evolving threat environments.

Multi-Mission Maritime Capability

Beyond air-defense roles, the AN/SPY-3 Radar provides navigation support, periscope detection, horizon search, and surface fire control. Its integration with the Dual Band Radar (DBR) architecture on certain U.S. Navy platforms enhances overall battlespace awareness by combining S-band and X-band data.

Designed for Modern U.S. Naval Warfare

Compact, highly automated, and optimized for reduced crew burden, the SPY-3 contributes to modern network-centric operations through seamless connectivity with CEC, Link-16, and Aegis-family systems. Its combination of detection accuracy and rapid engagement capability makes it a keystone technology in America’s layered maritime defense ecosystem.

AN/SPY-3 Radar Price

The U.S. Navy does not publicly disclose the standalone unit price of the AN/SPY-3 radar. However, estimates suggest that the system’s cost is incorporated into the overall program value of ships such as the Zumwalt-class destroyers and Ford-class carriers, where radar, sensors, and combat systems account for a significant portion of total procurement expenses.

FAQs

What is the AN/SPY-3 radar used for?

It provides multifunction tracking, missile guidance support, and navigation for U.S. Navy vessels.

Which ships use the AN/SPY-3?

Primarily the Zumwalt-class destroyers and Ford-class aircraft carriers.

What frequency band does SPY-3 operate in?

It uses the X-band, ideal for high-resolution targeting.

Is the AN/SPY-3 part of the Dual Band Radar system?

Yes, it forms the X-band component of the DBR on select U.S. Navy ships.

Can the SPY-3 track stealth targets?

Its high-resolution X-band AESA design improves detection of small or low-RCS threats.

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