China Sixth-Generation Fighter Progress in Pentagon Report
The China sixth-generation fighter progress is a key element in the latest Pentagon annual assessment of Beijing’s military capabilities to Congress, the US Department of Defense stated. The report underscores early test activity for two future combat aircraft and broader advances in Chinese airpower systems.
The defense review, which covers developments across land, sea, air and space, is a baseline for US lawmakers and defense planners tracking Beijing’s military modernization.
Pentagon Report Points to Test Flights
According to the Department of Defense’s report to Congress, China began testing a pair of sixth-generation aircraft in December 2024, referencing jets tentatively linked with the Chengdu J-36 and a Shenyang design often labeled J-50 or J-XDS. These flights mark the first observed progression from concept toward flight-worthy prototypes.
The report notes these aircraft are in the early stages of development and states they could become operational around 2035. It highlights the broad mission potential for such aircraft in future conflict scenarios, including air-to-air, air-to-surface, and command of unmanned wingmen.
Broader Airpower Enhancements
The document also cites progress in other aviation domains. China’s Xian KJ-3000 airborne early warning and control platform completed a first flight in 2024. The report describes the KJ-3000’s radar as capable of anti-jamming, passive detection and target ID features that could improve regional situational awareness.
Additionally, Pekin’s carrier aviation elements and UAV systems show continued expansion, according to the review, reflecting a focus on integrated airpower.
Context on Chinese Fighter Programs
Independent reporting and imagery analysis indicate that the aircraft referred to by the Pentagon are part of ongoing prototype programs seen on Chinese social media and aviation forums. Observers note multiple test flights of tailless, stealthy designs from Chengdu and Shenyang, with some reports pointing to rapid iterative changes in prototype configurations over recent months.
Implications for US Airpower and F-47 NGAD
While the Pentagon frames the progress as early and developmental, the milestones have drawn attention in defense circles given ongoing US efforts under its Next Generation Air Dominance initiative. The United States has also been advancing future air dominance concepts, although official documents place operational timelines later in the decade.
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