Name | Dassault Rafale |
Manufacturer | Dassault Aviation |
Country of Origin | France |
Type / Role | Multirole Fighter |
Generation | 4.5 |
Status | In service |
First Flight | July 4, 1986 |
Introduction / In Service Since | 2001 |
Number Built | 240+ |
Operators | France, India, Egypt, Qatar, Greece, Indonesia |
Length | 15.27 m |
Wingspan | 10.9 m |
Height | 5.3 m |
Wing Area | 45.7 m² |
Empty Weight | 10,600 kg |
Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW) | 24,500 kg |
Internal Weapons Bay | None |
External Hardpoints | 14 |
Maximum Speed | Mach 1.8 (2,223 km/h) |
Range | 3,700 km |
Combat Radius | 1,000–1,850 km |
Service Ceiling | 50,000 ft |
Rate of Climb | 305 m/s |
Thrust-to-Weight Ratio | 1.13 |
G Limits | +9 / -3.6 |
Engine Type | Snecma M88-2 Turbofan |
No. of Engines | 2 |
Thrust (each) | 16,500 lbf |
Thrust Vectoring | No |
Fuel Capacity | 4,700 kg (internal) |
Gun | GIAT 30mm cannon |
Missiles (Air-to-Air) | MICA, Meteor |
Missiles (Air-to-Ground) | SCALP-EG, AM39 Exocet |
Bombs | Paveway, AASM |
Hardpoints | 14 |
Payload Capacity | 9,500 kg |
Radar | Thales RBE2 AESA |
Radar Range | 200+ km |
Electronic Warfare (EW) System | SPECTRA Suite |
Targeting System | Thales Damocles / TALIOS Pod |
Helmet Display | Integrated HMD |
Navigation | GPS/INS |
Autopilot / AI Assistance | Semi-Automated |
Communication | Secure Datalink, SATCOM |
Radar Cross Section (RCS) | ~1 m² |
Stealth Features | Radar-absorbent materials |
Infrared Signature Reduction | Yes |
Sensor Fusion | Full |
Networking Capabilities | NATO-compatible datalink |
Special Export Versions | Rafale EH/IH (India), Rafale EM/QM (Egypt/Qatar) |
Major Conflicts / Deployments | Libya, Mali, Iraq, Syria |
Notable Operators | France, India, Egypt |
Combat Proven? | Yes |
Mission Types | Air superiority, strike, reconnaissance, deterrence |
Unit Cost | $85–115 million |
Development Cost | ~$45 billion |
Program Name | Rafale Program |
Funding Countries | France |
Upgrades Planned | F4 & F5 standard upgrades |
Future Replacement | Next-Gen Fighter (FCAS) |
Export Restrictions | Minimal (case-by-case) |
Notable Achievements | Combat-proven multirole success |
Competitors | Eurofighter Typhoon, F/A-18E/F, Gripen E |
Developed by Dassault Aviation, the Rafale is a twin-engine, canard delta-wing multirole fighter designed to perform air superiority, ground attack, reconnaissance, and nuclear deterrence missions. Serving as the backbone of the French Air and Space Force and Navy, it was developed after France’s withdrawal from the Eurofighter Typhoon program to pursue an independent national fighter design.
First flown in 1986 and operational since 2001, the Rafale combines agility, cutting-edge avionics, and combat-proven reliability. Its active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, Spectra electronic warfare suite, and sensor fusion capabilities provide a decisive edge in complex battle environments.
Powered by two Snecma M88-2 afterburning turbofan engines, the Rafale achieves speeds up to Mach 1.8 and operates with a combat radius of over 1,000 km. It features 14 hardpoints supporting a versatile weapons load — including MICA, Meteor, and SCALP-EG missiles, as well as precision-guided bombs and the GIAT 30mm internal cannon.
The Rafale’s versatility has made it a preferred export fighter, with operators including Egypt, India, Qatar, Greece, and Indonesia. Its omnirole capability, combining air-to-air and air-to-ground operations in a single mission, underscores its adaptability to modern warfare demands.
Field | Example |
---|---|
Rafale B | Two-seat trainer/strike version |
Rafale C | Single-seat air force version |
Rafale M | Carrier-based variant |
Special Export Versions | Rafale EH/IH (India), Rafale EM/QM (Egypt/Qatar) |
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